perbedaan individu peserta didik dan impilkasinya terhadap keberhasilan belajar: kajian literatur

Abstract

The national education system's success depends on optimizing each student's potential. In Indonesia's implementation of the Merdeka Curriculum, elementary school teachers often face pratical hurdles in accurately identifying individual learner differences, resulting in learning misconceptions and unequal achievement. This study aims to analyze the diverse aspects of students' individual differences and formulate strategic implications for learning succes trough a comprehensive literature review. Employing a qualitative-descriptive literature analysis method across digital databases (Google Scholar, Garuda, SINTA), this research synthesizes data on five primary domains: cognitive ability, learning styles, motivation, sosiocultural background, and learning readiness. Concurrently, a Participatory Action Research (PAR) framework via Focus Group Discussions (FGD) and collaborative workshops was designed to empower teachers in creating interactive learning media. The literatur synthesis indicates that individual varications significantly impact information retention and academic outcomes. Implementing differentiated instruction modifying content, process, and product using interactive digital media effectively bridges achievement gaps and fulfills inclusive learning needs. In conclusion, addressing individual uniqueness throught adaptive instructional design is essential to fostering equitable and holistic student growth.