STANDAR BAIK DAN BURUK DALAM PERSPEKTIF AKHLAK ISLAM: ANALISIS EPISTEMOLOGIS DAN APLIKASI KONTEMPORERMAHASISWA

Abstract

This study examines the standards of good and evil in Islamic moral perspective through a comprehensive epistemologicalapproach. The main issues addressed include the conceptualconstruction of good-evil in Islamic tradition, epistemologicaldifferences between akhlaq, morality, and ethics, and variousschools of thought in determining these value standards. Thisresearch employs a qualitative method with library researchapproach and descriptive-comparative analysis. The findingsindicate that Islam has objective standards based on revelation(Qur'an and Hadith) which distinguishes it from other moral andethical systems that are relative in nature. There are fundamental epistemological differences between akhlaq (revelation-based), morality (social norm-based), and ethics (philosophical reason-based). Various Islamic theological schools such as Mu'tazilah, Ash'ariyah, and Sufism have different approaches in determining good-evil standards, although all refer to the samesources. This research contributes to a deep understanding of thefoundation of values in Islam and its relevance to addresscontemporary moral crises, particularly in the context ofcharacter education in Indonesia.